Intestinal invalidation of the glucose transporter GLUT2 delays tissue distribution of glucose and reveals an unexpected role in gut homeostasis - Université Paris Cité Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Molecular metabolism Année : 2017

Intestinal invalidation of the glucose transporter GLUT2 delays tissue distribution of glucose and reveals an unexpected role in gut homeostasis

Thomas Viel
Maude Le Gall
Ophélie Rouxel
  • Fonction : Auteur
Agnès Lehuen
Alexandra Grosfeld

Résumé

Objective: Intestinal glucose absorption is orchestrated by specialized glucose transporters such as SGLT1 and GLUT2. However, the role of GLUT2 in the regulation of glucose absorption remains to be fully elucidated. Methods: We wanted to evaluate the role of GLUT2 on glucose absorption and glucose homeostasis after intestinal-specific deletion of GLUT2 in mice (GLUT2 DIEC mice). Results: As anticipated, intestinal GLUT2 deletion provoked glucose malabsorption as visualized by the delay in the distribution of oral sugar in tissues. Consequences of intestinal GLUT2 deletion in GLUT2 DIEC mice were limiting body weight gain despite normal food intake, improving glucose tolerance, and increasing ketone body production. These features were reminiscent of calorie restriction. Other adaptations to intestinal GLUT2 deletion were reduced microvillus length and altered gut microbiota composition, which was associated with improved inflammatory status. Moreover, a reduced density of glucagon-like peptide-1 (GLP-1) positive cells was compensated by increased GLP-1 content per L-cell, suggesting a preserved enteroendocrine function in GLUT2 DIEC mice. Conclusions: Intestinal GLUT2 modulates glucose absorption and constitutes a control step for the distribution of dietary sugar to tissues. Consequently, metabolic and gut homeostasis are improved in the absence of functional GLUT2 in the intestine, thus mimicking calorie restriction.
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hal-01501611 , version 1 (04-04-2017)

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Charlotte C. Schmitt, Thomas Aranias, Thomas Viel, Danielle Chateau, Maude Le Gall, et al.. Intestinal invalidation of the glucose transporter GLUT2 delays tissue distribution of glucose and reveals an unexpected role in gut homeostasis. Molecular metabolism, 2017, 6 (1), pp.61 - 72. ⟨10.1016/j.molmet.2016.10.008⟩. ⟨hal-01501611⟩
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