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Article Dans Une Revue Global Change Biology Année : 2020

Fire affects the taxonomic and functional composition of soil microbial communities, with cascading effects on grassland ecosystem functioning

Résumé

Fire is a crucial event regulating the structure and functioning of many ecosystems.Yet few studies have focused on how fire affects taxonomic and functional diversi‐ties of soil microbial communities, along with changes in plant communities and soil carbon (C) and nitrogen (N) dynamics. Here, we analyze these effects in a grasslandecosystem 9 months after an experimental fire at the Jasper Ridge Global ChangeExperiment site in California, USA. Fire altered soil microbial communities con ‐siderably, with community assembly process analysis showing that environmentalselection pressure was higher in burned sites. However, a small subset of highly connected taxa was able to withstand the disturbance. In addition, fire decreasedthe relative abundances of most functional genes associated with C degradationand N cycling, implicating a slowdown of microbial processes linked to soil C and N dynamics. In contrast, fire stimulated above‐ and belowground plant growth, likely enhancing plant–microbe competition for soil inorganic N, which was reduced by a factor of about 2. To synthesize those findings, we performed structural equationmodeling, which showed that plants but not microbial communities were responsi‐ble for significantly higher soil respiration rates in burned sites. Together, our resultsdemonstrate that fire ‘reboots’ the grassland ecosystem by differentially regulating plant and soil microbial communities, leading to significant changes in soil C and N dynamics.
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hal-02423302 , version 1 (29-04-2022)

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Sihang Yang, Qiaoshu Zheng, Yunfeng Yang, Mengting Yuan, Xingyu Ma, et al.. Fire affects the taxonomic and functional composition of soil microbial communities, with cascading effects on grassland ecosystem functioning. Global Change Biology, 2020, 26 (2), pp.431-442. ⟨10.1111/gcb.14852⟩. ⟨hal-02423302⟩
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