Prevalence of Metabolic Syndrome and Associated Factors in a Cohort of Individuals With Treatment-Resistant Depression
Ophelia Godin
(1, 2)
,
Djamila Bennabi
(3, 4)
,
Antoine Yrondi
(5, 2)
,
Raphaëlle Richieri
(6, 2)
,
Thierry D’amato
(2, 7)
,
Franck Bellivier
(8, 9)
,
Thierry Bougerol
(10, 11)
,
Mathilde Horn
(12, 2)
,
Vincent Camus
(13, 2)
,
Philippe Courtet
(14, 2)
,
Olivier Doumy
(2, 13)
,
Jean Baptiste Genty
(2, 15)
,
Wissam El-Hage
(16, 2)
,
Frédéric Haesebaert
(2, 7)
,
Jérôme Holtzmann
(2, 11)
,
Christophe Lançon
(6, 2)
,
Marion Leboyer
(8, 15, 2)
,
Pierre Michel Llorca
(17, 2)
,
Julia Maruani
(18, 9)
,
Fanny Moliere
(2, 11)
,
Ludovic Samalin
(17, 2)
,
Laurent Schmitt
(19, 2)
,
Florian Stéphan
(17, 2)
,
Guillaume Vaiva
(12, 2)
,
Michel Walter
(20)
,
Bruno Aouizerate
(21, 2)
,
Emmanuel Haffen
(22, 2)
1
iPLESP -
Institut Pierre Louis d'Epidémiologie et de Santé Publique
2 Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]
3 UBFC - Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE]
4 NEURO - Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481)
5 ToNIC - Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center
6 LA CONCEPTION - Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM]
7 Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron]
8 Neurobiologie et Psychiatrie
9 OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144) - Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie
10 GIN - Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences
11 CHU - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble]
12 SCALab - Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193
13 CHU Trousseau [Tours]
14 CHRU Montpellier - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier]
15 IMRB - Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale
16 iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours - Imagerie et cerveau
17 NPsy-Sydo - Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux
18 UPD5 Médecine - Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine
19 CHU Toulouse - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse
20 CHU - BREST - Hopital de Bohars - CHRU Brest
21 CHRU Brest - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest
22 Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux]
2 Fondation FondaMental [Créteil]
3 UBFC - Université Bourgogne Franche-Comté [COMUE]
4 NEURO - Laboratoire de Neurosciences Intégratives et Cliniques - UFC (UR 481)
5 ToNIC - Toulouse Neuro Imaging Center
6 LA CONCEPTION - Hôpital de la Conception [CHU - APHM]
7 Centre Hospitalier le Vinatier [Bron]
8 Neurobiologie et Psychiatrie
9 OPTeN (UMR_S_1144 / U1144) - Optimisation thérapeutique en Neuropsychopharmacologie
10 GIN - Grenoble Institut des Neurosciences
11 CHU - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire [Grenoble]
12 SCALab - Laboratoire Sciences Cognitives et Sciences Affectives - UMR 9193
13 CHU Trousseau [Tours]
14 CHRU Montpellier - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire [Montpellier]
15 IMRB - Institut Mondor de Recherche Biomédicale
16 iBrain - Inserm U1253 - UNIV Tours - Imagerie et cerveau
17 NPsy-Sydo - Neuro-Psycho Pharmacologie des Systèmes Dopimanégiques sous-corticaux
18 UPD5 Médecine - Université Paris Descartes - Faculté de Médecine
19 CHU Toulouse - Centre Hospitalier Universitaire de Toulouse
20 CHU - BREST - Hopital de Bohars - CHRU Brest
21 CHRU Brest - Centre Hospitalier Régional Universitaire de Brest
22 Centre hospitalier Charles Perrens [Bordeaux]
Ophelia Godin
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 1093297
- IdHAL : ophelia-godin
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5004-5475
Antoine Yrondi
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 785942
- ORCID : 0000-0002-2650-6080
- IdRef : 177141042
Vincent Camus
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 20005
- IdHAL : vincent-b-camus
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6845-221X
- IdRef : 034516565
Philippe Courtet
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 833371
- ORCID : 0000-0002-6519-8586
- IdRef : 060385022
Wissam El-Hage
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 183525
- IdHAL : wissam-el-hage
- ORCID : 0000-0003-3877-0855
- IdRef : 068549679
Marion Leboyer
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 756830
- ORCID : 0000-0001-5473-3697
- IdRef : 089352475
Laurent Schmitt
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 977349
Guillaume Vaiva
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 918789
- ORCID : 0000-0003-2462-008X
Bruno Aouizerate
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 751079
- IdHAL : bruno-aouizerate
- ORCID : 0000-0002-7092-7747
- IdRef : 069471851
Emmanuel Haffen
- Function : Author
- PersonId : 753044
- IdHAL : emmanuel-haffen
- ORCID : 0000-0002-4091-518X
- IdRef : 068887825
Abstract
BACKGROUND:
The aim of this study was to estimate the prevalence of metabolic syndrome (MetS) and its components in a cohort of French patients with treatment-resistant depression (TRD) and to determine correlations with sociodemographic, clinical, and treatment-related factors.
METHODS:
From 2012 to 2018, 205 patients who met DSM-IV criteria for major depressive episode with moderate-to-severe symptoms (Montgomery-Asberg Depression Rating Scale score ≥ 20), and at least Stage II resistance according to Thase and Rush criteria were enrolled in the FondaMental Advanced Centers of Expertise in Resistant Depression (FACE-DR) cohort. Data on sociodemographic and clinical characteristics, lifestyle information, and treatment and comorbidities were collected, and a blood sample was drawn. MetS was defined according to the criteria of the International Diabetes Federation.
RESULTS:
Overall, 38% of individuals with TRD met criteria for MetS. The frequency of MetS was significantly higher in men than in women only for patients aged 40 years or older (46.3% vs 35.2%, P = .0427). Moreover, whereas the management for diabetes was good, less than one-third of the patients with high blood pressure or dyslipidemia were treated for these conditions. Multivariate analysis showed that individuals with abnormal plasma c-reactive protein levels had a 3-fold increased risk (95% CI, 1.5-5.2) of having MetS, independent of other potential confounders.
CONCLUSION:
The prevalence of MetS is higher in patients with TRD than in those with other psychiatric disorders and characterized by a considerable undertreatment of some components of MetS in this population. Diagnosis and treatment of the components of MetS should be systematically performed to prevent the occurrence of cardiovascular diseases in patients with TRD. These findings highlight the need for integrated care, with more interaction and coordination between psychiatrists and primary care providers.