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Article Dans Une Revue EBioMedicine Année : 2020

Persistence of monocyte activation under treatment in people followed since acute HIV-1 infection relative to participants at high or low risk of HIV infection

Véronique Avettand-Fenoël
Odile Launay

Résumé

Background: Interpretation of the increase in certain inflammatory markers in virally suppressed HIV-infected individuals must rely on an appropriate uninfected control group well characterized for non-HIV-related factors that contribute to chronic inflammation, e.g. smoking, alcohol consumption, or being overweight. We compared the inflammatory profiles of HIV-infected participants under long-term antiretroviral therapy (ART) with those of two HIV-uninfected groups with contrasting health behaviours. Methods: We studied 150 HIV-infected participants (42 women, 108 men) under long-term ART (median, 6 years) followed in the ANRS PRIMO cohort since acute/early HIV-1 infection (AHI) diagnosis. Sex and age-matched controls were sampled from i) the ANRS IPERGAY pre-exposure prophylaxis trial among men at high risk for HIV infection and with high frequencies of non-HIV factors of inflammation ii) the ANRS COHVAC cohort of volunteers in vaccine trials with a low-risk profile for HIV infection. We measured the plasma levels of ten inflammatory markers. Findings: After adjusting for smoking, alcohol use and body mass index, both HIV-infected men and women had higher levels of sCD14, sCD163, sTNFRII and I-FABP than their high-risk IPERGAY and low-risk COHVAC counterparts. Hierarchical clustering showed a subset of 15 PRIMO participants to have an inflammatory profile similar to that of most HIV-negative participants. These participants already had favourable markers at AHI diagnosis. Interpretation: Long-term ART, even when initiated at a low level of immunodeficiency, fails to normalize monocyte/macrophage activation and gut epithelial dysfunction. Persistent inflammation under treatment may be related to an increased inflammatory profile since AHI. Funding: ANRS and Paris-Saclay University.
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hal-03109198 , version 1 (15-11-2021)

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Sophie Novelli, Camille Lécuroux, Cécile D.Sign©cile Goujard, Jacques M. Reynes, Agnès Villemant, et al.. Persistence of monocyte activation under treatment in people followed since acute HIV-1 infection relative to participants at high or low risk of HIV infection. EBioMedicine, 2020, 62, ⟨10.1016/j.ebiom.2020.103129⟩. ⟨hal-03109198⟩
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