Can a fast thinker be a good thinker? The neural correlates of base-rate neglect measured using a two-response paradigm - Université Paris Cité
Article Dans Une Revue Cognitive Neuropsychology Année : 2021

Can a fast thinker be a good thinker? The neural correlates of base-rate neglect measured using a two-response paradigm

Oshin Vartanian
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Timothy Lam
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Elaine Maceda
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Résumé

Traditionally, it has been assumed that logical thinking requires deliberation. According to this view, fast thinkers are susceptible to biases in thinking, and overcoming these biases requires the involvement of slow, corrective processes. However, new experimental paradigms have cast doubt on this view by demonstrating that people can make logical responses quickly, suggesting that they possess logical intuitions. We examined the neural correlates of logical intuitions by administering base rate problems during fMRI scanning using a two-response paradigm. Participants were instructed to respond-first quickly within 3 seconds and then reflectively following 6 more seconds-to problems that did or did not pit a normative response against an intuitively-cued stereotypical response (i.e., conflict vs. non-conflict problems). As predicted, participants were less likely to make judgments in accordance with base rates on conflict problems. Critically, in only 4% of cases did longer deliberation change an initially biased response to a normatively correct response. Furthermore, fluid intelligence and reflective thinking were correlated with performance on conflict but not non-conflict problems, regardless of time limit. The fMRI data revealed that intuitively-made initial biased judgments nevertheless activate regions typically involved in cognitive control, executive functions and attention, including anterior, inferior, middle and superior frontal cortex. Contrary to theories that posit that people make errors in judgment because they are unaware of conflict between normatively correct vs. intuitively-cued but logically incorrect responses, our results suggest that even in cases when errors are made, there might be very early awareness of conflict.
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Dates et versions

hal-03608132 , version 1 (14-03-2022)

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Oshin Vartanian, Timothy Lam, Elaine Maceda, Wim de Neys. Can a fast thinker be a good thinker? The neural correlates of base-rate neglect measured using a two-response paradigm. Cognitive Neuropsychology, 2021, 38 (6), pp.365-386. ⟨10.1080/02643294.2022.2041589⟩. ⟨hal-03608132⟩
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