CAR T cells targeting Aspergillus fumigatus are effective at treating invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in preclinical models - Université Paris Cité Accéder directement au contenu
Article Dans Une Revue Science Translational Medicine Année : 2022

CAR T cells targeting Aspergillus fumigatus are effective at treating invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in preclinical models

Michelle Seif
Tamara Katharina Kakoschke
Frank Ebel
  • Fonction : Auteur
Marina Maria Bellet
Nora Trinks
Giorgia Renga
Marilena Pariano
Luigina Romani
  • Fonction : Auteur
Beeke Tappe
David Espie
  • Fonction : Auteur
Emmanuel Donnadieu
Kerstin Hünniger
Antje Häder
Markus Sauer
Diane Damotte
  • Fonction : Auteur
Marco Alifano
P. Lewis White
Matthijs Backx
Thomas Nerreter
Markus Machwirth
Oliver Kurzai
Sabrina Prommersberger
Hermann Einsele
  • Fonction : Auteur
Michael Hudecek
Jürgen Löffler

Résumé

Aspergillus fumigatus is a ubiquitous mold that can cause severe infections in immunocompromised patients, typically manifesting as invasive pulmonary aspergillosis (IPA). Adaptive and innate immune cells that respond to A. fumigatus are present in the endogenous repertoire of patients with IPA but are infrequent and cannot be consistently isolated and expanded for adoptive immunotherapy. Therefore, we gene-engineered A. fumigatus –specific chimeric antigen receptor (Af-CAR) T cells and demonstrate their ability to confer antifungal reactivity in preclinical models in vitro and in vivo. We generated a CAR targeting domain AB90-E8 that recognizes a conserved protein antigen in the cell wall of A. fumigatus hyphae. T cells expressing the Af-CAR recognized A. fumigatus strains and clinical isolates and exerted a direct antifungal effect against A. fumigatus hyphae. In particular, CD8 + Af-CAR T cells released perforin and granzyme B and damaged A. fumigatus hyphae. CD8 + and CD4 + Af-CAR T cells produced cytokines that activated macrophages to potentiate the antifungal effect. In an in vivo model of IPA in immunodeficient mice, CD8 + Af-CAR T cells localized to the site of infection, engaged innate immune cells, and reduced fungal burden in the lung. Adoptive transfer of CD8 + Af-CAR T cells conferred greater antifungal efficacy compared to CD4 + Af-CAR T cells and an improvement in overall survival. Together, our study illustrates the potential of gene-engineered T cells to treat aggressive infectious diseases that are difficult to control with conventional antimicrobial therapy and support the clinical development of Af-CAR T cell therapy to treat IPA.
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Michelle Seif, Tamara Katharina Kakoschke, Frank Ebel, Marina Maria Bellet, Nora Trinks, et al.. CAR T cells targeting Aspergillus fumigatus are effective at treating invasive pulmonary aspergillosis in preclinical models. Science Translational Medicine, 2022, 14 (664), ⟨10.1126/scitranslmed.abh1209⟩. ⟨hal-03869258⟩

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