The issues surrounding cartographic communication are complex and numerous, and the cartographer tends to get lost between what is pure communication, which is the prerogative of cartography, and all the considerations related to the plethora of tools and methods. Between complexity and simplicity, between estheticism and semiological rigor, between rules and attraction, the objective of communication must remain at the center of the cartographer's concerns. This chapter discusses the reflection on cartographic construction and to question it through different facets of the profession. A cartographer who discovers computerization of data processing and its representation has not become a computer scientist. They are no longer a semiologist or a craftsman. The cartographer-geographer is also an officer of political power, the direct heir of an old tradition, that of the military topographer. The cartographer remains attached to the scientific approach that has modified and rethought the geographical approach.